1 Kings 20:10

Authorized King James Version

And Ben-hadad sent unto him, and said, The gods do so unto me, and more also, if the dust of Samaria shall suffice for handfuls for all the people that follow me.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח
sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#2
אֵלָיו֙
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
בֶּן
H0
#4
הֲדַ֔ד
And Benhadad
ben-hadad, the name of several syrian kings, possibly a royal title
#5
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר
unto him and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
כֹּֽה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#7
יַעֲשׂ֥וּן
do so
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#8
לִ֛י
H0
#9
אֱלֹהִ֖ים
The gods
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#10
וְכֹ֣ה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#11
יוֹסִ֑פוּ
unto me and more also
to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
#12
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#13
יִשְׂפֹּק֙
shall suffice
to clap the hands (in token of compact, derision, grief, indignation, or punishment); by implication of satisfaction, to be enough; by implication of
#14
עֲפַ֣ר
if the dust
dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud
#15
שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן
of Samaria
shomeron, a place in palestine
#16
לִשְׁעָלִ֕ים
for handfuls
the palm; by extension, a handful
#17
לְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#18
הָעָ֖ם
for all the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#19
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#20
בְּרַגְלָֽי׃
that follow
a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Kings, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Kings.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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